View Helpers

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View Helpers

The navigation helpers are used for rendering navigational elements from Zend\Navigation\Navigation instances.

There are 5 built-in helpers:

  • Breadcrumbs, used for rendering the path to the currently active page.
  • Links, used for rendering navigational head links (e.g. <link rel="next" href="..." />).
  • Menu, used for rendering menus.
  • Sitemap, used for rendering sitemaps conforming to the Sitemaps XML format.
  • Navigation, used for proxying calls to other navigational helpers.

All built-in helpers extend Zend\View\Helper\Navigation\AbstractHelper, which adds integration with zend-acl and zend-i18n. The abstract class implements the interface Zend\View\Helper\Navigation\HelperInterface, which defines the following methods:

Method signature Description
getContainer() : null|AbstractContainer Retrieve the current navigation container, if any.
hasContainer() : bool Is any navigation container currently registered?
setContainer(AbstractContainer $container) : self Set a navigation container.
getTranslator() : null|Zend\I18n\Translator\TranslatorInterface Retrieve the current translator instance, if any.
setTranslator(Zend\I18n\Translator\TranslatorInterface) : self` Set a translator instance to use with labels.
hasTranslator() : bool Is a translator instance present?
isTranslatorEnabled() : bool Should translation occur? To be true, both the flag enabling translation must be set, and a translator instance present.
setTranslatorEnabled(bool $flag) : self Set the flag indicating whether or not translation should occur.
getAcl() : null|Zend\Permissions\Acl\AclInterface Retrieve the current ACL instance, if any.
setAcl(Zend\Permissions\Acl\AclInterface $acl) : self Set an ACL instance.
hasAcl() : bool Whether or not an ACL instance is present.
getRole() : null|string|\Zend\Permissions\Acl\Role\RoleInterface Retrieve the current ACL role instance, if any.
setRole(string|Zend\Permissions\Acl\Role\RoleInterface $acl) : self Set an ACL role instance.
hasRole() : bool Whether or not an ACL role instance is present.
getUseAcl() : bool Whether or not to use ACLs; both the flag must be enabled and an ACL instance present.
setUseAcl(bool $flag) : self Set the flag indicating whether or not to use ACLs.
__toString() Cast the helper to a string value; relies on render().
render() Render the helper to a string.

In addition to the method stubs from the interface, the abstract class also implements the following methods:

Method signature Description
getIndent() : string Retrieve the indentation string to use; default is 4 spaces.
setIndent(string|int $indent) : self Set the indentation to use. In the case of an integer, this indicates the number of spaces. Indentation can be specified for all but the Sitemap helper.
getMinDepth() : int Retrieve the minimum depth a page must have to be included in output
setMinDepth(null|int $depth) : self Set the minimum depth a page must have to be included in output; null means no minimum.
getMaxDepth() : int Retrieve the maximum depth a page must have to be included in output
setMaxDepth(null|int $depth) : self Set the maximum depth a page must have to be included in output; null means no maximum.
getRenderInvisible() : bool Retrieve the flag indicating whether or not to render items marked as invisible; defaults to false.
setRenderInvisible(bool $flag) : self Set the flag indicating whether or not to render items marked as invisible.
__call() : mixed Proxy method calls to the registered container; this allows you to use the helper as if it were a navigation container. See the example below.
findActive(/* ... */) : array Find the deepest active page in the container, using the arguments AbstractContainer $container, int $minDepth = null, int $maxDepth = -1). If depths are not given, the method will use the values retrieved from getMinDepth() and getMaxDepth(). The deepest active page must be between $minDepth and $maxDepth inclusively. Returns an array containing the found page instance (key page) and the depth (key depth) at which the page was found.
htmlify(AbstractPage $page) : string Renders an HTML a element based on the give page.
accept(AbstractPage $page, bool $recursive = true) : bool Determine if a page should be accepted when iterating containers. This method checks for page visibility and verifies that the helper's role is allowed access to the page's resource and privilege.
static setDefaultAcl(Zend\Permissions\Acl\AclInterface $acl) : void Set a default ACL instance to use with all navigation helpers.
static setDefaultRole(Zend\Permissions\Acl\Role\RoleInterface $acl) : void Set a default ACL role instance to use with all navigation helpers.

If a container is not explicitly set, the helper will create an empty Zend\Navigation\Navigation container when calling $helper->getContainer().

Proxying calls to the navigation container

Navigation view helpers use the magic method __call() to proxy method calls to the navigation container that is registered in the view helper.

$this->navigation()->addPage([
    'type' => 'uri',
    'label' => 'New page',
]);

The call above will add a page to the container in the Navigation helper.

Translation of labels and titles

The navigation helpers support translation of page labels and titles. You can set a translator of type Zend\I18n\Translator\TranslatorInterface in the helper using $helper->setTranslator($translator).

If you want to disable translation, use $helper->setTranslatorEnabled(false).

The proxy helper will inject its own translator to the helper it proxies to if the proxied helper doesn't already have a translator.

Sitemaps do not use translation

There is no translation in the sitemap helper, since there are no page labels or titles involved in an XML sitemap.

Integration with ACL

All navigational view helpers support ACLs. An object implementing Zend\Permissions\Acl\AclInterface can be assigned to a helper instance with $helper->setAcl($acl), and role with $helper->setRole('member') or $helper->setRole(new Zend\Permissions\Acl\Role\GenericRole('member')). If an ACL is used in the helper, the role in the helper must be allowed by the ACL to access a page's resource and/or have the page's privilege for the page to be included when rendering.

If a page is not accepted by ACL, any descendant page will also be excluded from rendering.

The proxy helper will inject its own ACL and role to the helper it proxies to if the proxied helper doesn't already have any.

The examples below all show how ACL affects rendering.

This example shows the setup of a navigation container for a fictional software company.

Notes on the setup:

  • The domain for the site is www.example.com.
  • Interesting page properties are marked with a comment.
  • Unless otherwise is stated in other examples, the user is requesting the URL http://www.example.com/products/server/faq/, which translates to the page labeled FAQ under "Foo Server".
  • The assumed ACL and router setup is shown below the container setup.
use Zend\Navigation\Navigation;

/*
 * Navigation container

 * Each element in the array will be passed to
 * Zend\Navigation\Page\AbstractPage::factory() when constructing
 * the navigation container below.
 */
$pages = [
    [
        'label'      => 'Home',
        'title'      => 'Go Home',
        'module'     => 'default',
        'controller' => 'index',
        'action'     => 'index',
        'order'      => -100, // make sure home is the first page
    ],
    [
        'label'      => 'Special offer this week only!',
        'module'     => 'store',
        'controller' => 'offer',
        'action'     => 'amazing',
        'visible'    => false, // not visible
    ],
    [
        'label'      => 'Products',
        'module'     => 'products',
        'controller' => 'index',
        'action'     => 'index',
        'pages'      => [
            [
                'label'      => 'Foo Server',
                'module'     => 'products',
                'controller' => 'server',
                'action'     => 'index',
                'pages'      => [
                    [
                        'label'      => 'FAQ',
                        'module'     => 'products',
                        'controller' => 'server',
                        'action'     => 'faq',
                        'rel'        => [
                            'canonical' => 'http://www.example.com/?page=faq',
                            'alternate' => [
                                'module'     => 'products',
                                'controller' => 'server',
                                'action'     => 'faq',
                                'params'     => ['format' => 'xml'],
                            ],
                        ],
                    ],
                    [
                        'label'      => 'Editions',
                        'module'     => 'products',
                        'controller' => 'server',
                        'action'     => 'editions',
                    ],
                    [
                        'label'      => 'System Requirements',
                        'module'     => 'products',
                        'controller' => 'server',
                        'action'     => 'requirements',
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            [
                'label'      => 'Foo Studio',
                'module'     => 'products',
                'controller' => 'studio',
                'action'     => 'index',
                'pages'      => [
                    [
                        'label'      => 'Customer Stories',
                        'module'     => 'products',
                        'controller' => 'studio',
                        'action'     => 'customers',
                    ],
                    [
                        'label'      => 'Support',
                        'module'     => 'products',
                        'controller' => 'studio',
                        'action'     => 'support',
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ],
    ],
    [
        'label'      => 'Company',
        'title'      => 'About us',
        'module'     => 'company',
        'controller' => 'about',
        'action'     => 'index',
        'pages'      => [
            [
                'label'      => 'Investor Relations',
                'module'     => 'company',
                'controller' => 'about',
                'action'     => 'investors',
            ],
            [
                'label'      => 'News',
                'class'      => 'rss', // class
                'module'     => 'company',
                'controller' => 'news',
                'action'     => 'index',
                'pages'      => [
                    [
                        'label'      => 'Press Releases',
                        'module'     => 'company',
                        'controller' => 'news',
                        'action'     => 'press',
                    ],
                    [
                        'label'      => 'Archive',
                        'route'      => 'archive', // route
                        'module'     => 'company',
                        'controller' => 'news',
                        'action'     => 'archive',
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ],
    ],
    [
        'label'      => 'Community',
        'module'     => 'community',
        'controller' => 'index',
        'action'     => 'index',
        'pages'      => [
            [
                'label'      => 'My Account',
                'module'     => 'community',
                'controller' => 'account',
                'action'     => 'index',
                'resource'   => 'mvc:community.account', // resource
            ],
            [
                'label' => 'Forums',
                'uri'   => 'http://forums.example.com/',
                'class' => 'external', // class,
            ],
        ],
    ],
    [
        'label'      => 'Administration',
        'module'     => 'admin',
        'controller' => 'index',
        'action'     => 'index',
        'resource'   => 'mvc:admin', // resource
        'pages'      => [
            [
                'label'      => 'Write new article',
                'module'     => 'admin',
                'controller' => 'post',
                'action'     => 'write',
            ],
        ],
    ],
];

// Create container from array
$container = new Navigation($pages);

// Store the container in the proxy helper:
$view->plugin('navigation')->setContainer($container);

// ...or simply:
$view->navigation($container);

In addition to the container above, the following setup is assumed:

<?php
// module/MyModule/config/module.config.php

return [
    /* ... */
    'router' [
        'routes' => [
            'archive' => [
                'type'    => 'Segment',
                'options' => [
                    'route'    => '/archive/:year',
                    'defaults' => [
                        'module'     => 'company',
                        'controller' => 'news',
                        'action'     => 'archive',
                        'year'       => (int) date('Y') - 1,
                    ],
                    'constraints' => [
                        'year' => '\d+',
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            /* You can have other routes here... */
        ],
    ],
    /* ... */
];

<?php
// module/MyModule/Module.php

namespace MyModule;

use Zend\View\HelperPluginManager;
use Zend\Permissions\Acl\Acl;
use Zend\Permissions\Acl\Role\GenericRole;
use Zend\Permissions\Acl\Resource\GenericResource;

class Module
{
    /* ... */
    public function getViewHelperConfig()
    {
        return [
            'factories' => [
                // This will overwrite the native navigation helper
                'navigation' => function(HelperPluginManager $pm) {
                    // Setup ACL:
                    $acl = new Acl();
                    $acl->addRole(new GenericRole('member'));
                    $acl->addRole(new GenericRole('admin'));
                    $acl->addResource(new GenericResource('mvc:admin'));
                    $acl->addResource(new GenericResource('mvc:community.account'));
                    $acl->allow('member', 'mvc:community.account');
                    $acl->allow('admin', null);

                    // Get an instance of the proxy helper
                    $navigation = $pm->get('Zend\View\Helper\Navigation');

                    // Store ACL and role in the proxy helper:
                    $navigation->setAcl($acl);
                    $navigation->setRole('member');

                    // Return the new navigation helper instance
                    return $navigation;
                }
            ]
        ];
    }
    /* ... */
}

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